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#1
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Distorted Sound
I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host.
All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? -- Mageia 5 for x86_64, Kernel:4.4.16-desktop-1.mga5 KDE version 4.14.5 on an AMD Phenom II X4 Black edition. |
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#2
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Distorted Sound
On 10/10/2016 6:26 PM, pinnerite wrote:
I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? Is the sound working a-ok in the Linux host OS? Then it may be the virtual machine's settings. Anyway, it's not exactly a Win 10 problem. -- @~@ Remain silent! Drink, Blink, Stretch! Live long and prosper!! / v \ Simplicity is Beauty! /( _ )\ May the Force and farces be with you! ^ ^ (x86_64 Ubuntu 9.10) Linux 2.6.39.3 不借貸! 不詐騙! 不援交! 不打交! 不打劫! 不自殺! 請考慮綜援 (CSSA): http://www.swd.gov.hk/tc/index/site_...sub_addressesa |
#3
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Distorted Sound
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA256 On 2016-10-10 6:26 AM, pinnerite wrote: I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? Old Realtek drivers. Update them. - -- Silver Slimer Islam is a disease Gab.AI: @silverslimer -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v2 iQEcBAEBCAAGBQJX+52ZAAoJEIwFfgf/rr+u33IH/1WVWzxIKATfAbqPKQ8ofu1Q N7ar/t8U/Kydh40PKcUt+OblrH2f9YeK7zZC4qA6SYrW9FcBZev69QHxqKJ Hj/UU BBBixi0Icyw2VXTFPuTCkuuJkFBoJd08zFQOlsEmbS8uUnZS1T 8epDi9SPmC8pA1 CD4Tpm/OrN7vUiOB4YPZxTvuejxGG0CbZ9I0DkGGyk8yDoKNfUz/AAUkB4YrW4YK /+hGdO4gwS6u5GaXWUamBv0HOP6cuRwERscKyC3e3RM6nxORumO wYGExwjNclukm 3bBKpce/FwIY0iPED9evm4DpOA8Fi7xTGtrzqGRKxPUmJp+F+4SqQKCUBw u4Ul4= =ibqx -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- |
#4
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Distorted Sound
pinnerite wrote:
I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? You generally don't fix these sorts of problems. ******* You've discovered a new effect there. Congratulations :-) I tried it out, and the "pacing" of the sound on the Win10 VM is wrong. The "frequency" of the content is correct. At first, I thought the audio sample being played in Win10, it was playing 44100Hz content at 48000Hz. But, the pitch wasn't shifted up, to sound like the Chipmunks. I left the host and guest running for a number of hours, came back and played the sample again. This time the pitch was still correct, but the music played back much slower than normal. How is that even possible ? PulseAudio is a contributing part, as it inserts itself in the audio stream, and runs with RT (RealTime) priority. Or, at least it did. I don't know what they've done to it since. And no, there's no setting that's going to fix this. At first, I was going to try to record the content, using Audacity in the host. But there was no signal showing in the Audacity Monitor, for any selected input channel. What I've done in the past for audio problems, is use simpler content, record it as it comes out of the audio subsystem, and try and determine what it's doing to the samples. But listening to music tells me, I'd probably have a hard time figuring this out with plain sine waves as a stimulus. I've had trouble with this before, in VPC2007 (hosting for Windows). It was the first PulseAudio version of Linux as a guest OS, the sound in VPC2007 no longer worked right. The sounds would go into a loop, as if the sound buffer was playing the same content over and over again. It's never worked right since. So maybe Ubuntu 7 or Ubuntu 8 VMs were the last VMs with decent sound. But nothing on VPC2007 sounds quite like your interesting discovery. Another test case I tried, was playing an OGG in Win10 using VLC. Since Windows Media Player won't play an OGG, I switched over the VLC. It was the same piece of music, only instead of using the WAV I'd used for the first test, I also have the same composition recorded in OGG. And this time, the music was "cut to ****". So buffers full of sound go missing, samples appear to be repeated (effectively a DC level until the next sample buffer comes along). So for that test, the music was getting close to unrecognizable. But playing with Windows Media Player, and using a WAV, the pitch was correct, but somehow the pacing was all wrong. While music is playing, "top" in Linux indicates close to 100% CPU (where 100% is probably one core of the CPU being used up). And that can't be good. Paul |
#5
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Distorted Sound
Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote:
On 10/10/2016 6:26 PM, pinnerite wrote: I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? Is the sound working a-ok in the Linux host OS? Then it may be the virtual machine's settings. Anyway, it's not exactly a Win 10 problem. The sound is perfect on the Linux host, on every stream. I also have a virtual XP and there is no trouble with the sound through that either. If you've driven your car alongside a brick wall you will recognise what I am hearing from Win-10. -- Mageia 5 for x86_64, Kernel:4.4.16-desktop-1.mga5 KDE version 4.14.5 on an AMD Phenom II X4 Black edition. |
#6
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Distorted Sound
On 10/10/2016 at 5:05 PM, pinnerite's prodigious digits fired off:
Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote: On 10/10/2016 6:26 PM, pinnerite wrote: I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? Is the sound working a-ok in the Linux host OS? Then it may be the virtual machine's settings. Anyway, it's not exactly a Win 10 problem. The sound is perfect on the Linux host, on every stream. I also have a virtual XP and there is no trouble with the sound through that either. If you've driven your car alongside a brick wall you will recognise what I am hearing from Win-10. Sounds like you need a driver update. -- Ed Mullen http://edmullen.net/ The difference between the Pope and your boss is the Pope only expects you to kiss his ring. |
#7
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Distorted Sound
On 2016-10-10, pinnerite wrote:
Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote: On 10/10/2016 6:26 PM, pinnerite wrote: I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? Is the sound working a-ok in the Linux host OS? Then it may be the virtual machine's settings. Anyway, it's not exactly a Win 10 problem. The sound is perfect on the Linux host, on every stream. I also have a virtual XP and there is no trouble with the sound through that either. If you've driven your car alongside a brick wall you will recognise what I am hearing from Win-10. I don't have any problems with sound on the win10. Then I am having the music played by foobar2000 & go thru the usb port to the usb dac. Haven't used the Realtek stuff for sound for some years. |
#8
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Distorted Sound
lew wrote:
On 2016-10-10, pinnerite wrote: Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote: On 10/10/2016 6:26 PM, pinnerite wrote: I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? Is the sound working a-ok in the Linux host OS? Then it may be the virtual machine's settings. Anyway, it's not exactly a Win 10 problem. The sound is perfect on the Linux host, on every stream. I also have a virtual XP and there is no trouble with the sound through that either. If you've driven your car alongside a brick wall you will recognise what I am hearing from Win-10. I don't have any problems with sound on the win10. Then I am having the music played by foobar2000 & go thru the usb port to the usb dac. Haven't used the Realtek stuff for sound for some years. But he's running Win10 in a VM as a Guest. And that (unfortunately) is an entirely different matter, as the audio data has more hoops to jump through. At one time PulseAudio had an ALSA compatibility library, and you could use that to escape the clutches of Pulse, but they removed that. And other means of bypassing Pulse just don't work as well. Win10 (Guest) Your case: Win10 (Host) | | VirtualBox for Linux | (Easy | | peasy) Linux (PulseAudio) | | | Speakers Speakers Audio has real time requirements, and if you don't meet them and the output samples have jitter, the sound will be awful. The same is true, if whole buffers of sound data go missing. Just for the record, PulseAudio serves no useful purpose. In case you were wondering what it was for. At least ALSA made sense. It solved a problem real people had - they wanted to listen to their music. PulseAudio was invented to suit the ego of a single developer. The same developer worked to invent SystemD. See a common theme ? :-) Paul |
#9
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Distorted Sound
On 2016-10-11, Paul wrote:
lew wrote: On 2016-10-10, pinnerite wrote: Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote: On 10/10/2016 6:26 PM, pinnerite wrote: I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? Is the sound working a-ok in the Linux host OS? Then it may be the virtual machine's settings. Anyway, it's not exactly a Win 10 problem. The sound is perfect on the Linux host, on every stream. I also have a virtual XP and there is no trouble with the sound through that either. If you've driven your car alongside a brick wall you will recognise what I am hearing from Win-10. I don't have any problems with sound on the win10. Then I am having the music played by foobar2000 & go thru the usb port to the usb dac. Haven't used the Realtek stuff for sound for some years. But he's running Win10 in a VM as a Guest. And that (unfortunately) is an entirely different matter, as the audio data has more hoops to jump through. At one time PulseAudio had an ALSA compatibility library, and you could use that to escape the clutches of Pulse, but they removed that. And other means of bypassing Pulse just don't work as well. Win10 (Guest) Your case: Win10 (Host) | | VirtualBox for Linux | (Easy | | peasy) Linux (PulseAudio) | | | Speakers Speakers Audio has real time requirements, and if you don't meet them and the output samples have jitter, the sound will be awful. The same is true, if whole buffers of sound data go missing. Just for the record, PulseAudio serves no useful purpose. In case you were wondering what it was for. At least ALSA made sense. It solved a problem real people had - they wanted to listen to their music. PulseAudio was invented to suit the ego of a single developer. The same developer worked to invent SystemD. See a common theme ? :-) Paul I've given up on linux sound as it seems that the ones doing the work keep messing it up. I would get sound out until the next update & then it is a hit or miss; sometimes a patch would get me back the sound again. All on the opensuse setup & still no sound out either on realtek or usb even tho the output ports were recognized. Have now gotten ubuntu loaded on hyper-v, may try the sound output again this weekend unless by a miracle, android for chrombook is available for me. |
#10
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Distorted Sound
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA256 On 2016-10-11 12:10 PM, lew wrote: On 2016-10-11, Paul wrote: lew wrote: On 2016-10-10, pinnerite wrote: Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote: On 10/10/2016 6:26 PM, pinnerite wrote: I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? Is the sound working a-ok in the Linux host OS? Then it may be the virtual machine's settings. Anyway, it's not exactly a Win 10 problem. The sound is perfect on the Linux host, on every stream. I also have a virtual XP and there is no trouble with the sound through that either. If you've driven your car alongside a brick wall you will recognise what I am hearing from Win-10. I don't have any problems with sound on the win10. Then I am having the music played by foobar2000 & go thru the usb port to the usb dac. Haven't used the Realtek stuff for sound for some years. But he's running Win10 in a VM as a Guest. And that (unfortunately) is an entirely different matter, as the audio data has more hoops to jump through. At one time PulseAudio had an ALSA compatibility library, and you could use that to escape the clutches of Pulse, but they removed that. And other means of bypassing Pulse just don't work as well. Win10 (Guest) Your case: Win10 (Host) | | VirtualBox for Linux | (Easy | | peasy) Linux (PulseAudio) | | | Speakers Speakers Audio has real time requirements, and if you don't meet them and the output samples have jitter, the sound will be awful. The same is true, if whole buffers of sound data go missing. Just for the record, PulseAudio serves no useful purpose. In case you were wondering what it was for. At least ALSA made sense. It solved a problem real people had - they wanted to listen to their music. PulseAudio was invented to suit the ego of a single developer. The same developer worked to invent SystemD. See a common theme ? :-) Paul I've given up on linux sound as it seems that the ones doing the work keep messing it up. I would get sound out until the next update & then it is a hit or miss; sometimes a patch would get me back the sound again. All on the opensuse setup & still no sound out either on realtek or usb even tho the output ports were recognized. Have now gotten ubuntu loaded on hyper-v, may try the sound output again this weekend unless by a miracle, android for chrombook is available for me. My experience with Linux started around 1994-1995 with Slackware. To say the least, while it has gotten better with time, its quality is no better than Windows 98's was. You can still in the command-line and everything will be fine because the kernel is fairly solid but their desktop environments are very inconsistent even though they have great ideas. The software is even worse and at best unstable. Stick to Windows if Linux is giving you way too many headaches. - -- Silver Slimer Islam is a disease Gab.AI: @silverslimer -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v2 iQEcBAEBCAAGBQJX/UZ1AAoJEIwFfgf/rr+uzWkH/1KXBH5kngcRhq9b/iKfU1cQ nbWg0Vc0AXhrkNksbnTLMR6dVukMteIm7Cf/ZO7+9SML5h2R9pJ5MMtyewCAlW5G MuCp2wpg7IwUdHdv5nwrWQxJkscYVQZFPI0bvh6SGeAVIttGgO TXLI+bzr0Uj0s1 2xfwmcmJXkDWAdSn6gaj2tDQsyx64pqpxEqM1Tykv1nMZ3E7xl BFVqh+Vowh4Cqe TLg2y7Z+lpnry/p4Q3I6Uf1gQJudOyGsZ/vS2j2B5T8OJv1IR7xE26rWGZvtO4gb GxPW6hnxSIg3kIg3vcofgq/ZKr3kK7nOM3ncoQGDBNciFJoM9sb8DVA3l6P7vCA= =VccS -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- |
#11
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Distorted Sound
Silver Slimer wrote:
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA256 On 2016-10-11 12:10 PM, lew wrote: On 2016-10-11, Paul wrote: lew wrote: On 2016-10-10, pinnerite wrote: Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote: On 10/10/2016 6:26 PM, pinnerite wrote: I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? Is the sound working a-ok in the Linux host OS? Then it may be the virtual machine's settings. Anyway, it's not exactly a Win 10 problem. The sound is perfect on the Linux host, on every stream. I also have a virtual XP and there is no trouble with the sound through that either. If you've driven your car alongside a brick wall you will recognise what I am hearing from Win-10. I don't have any problems with sound on the win10. Then I am having the music played by foobar2000 & go thru the usb port to the usb dac. Haven't used the Realtek stuff for sound for some years. But he's running Win10 in a VM as a Guest. And that (unfortunately) is an entirely different matter, as the audio data has more hoops to jump through. At one time PulseAudio had an ALSA compatibility library, and you could use that to escape the clutches of Pulse, but they removed that. And other means of bypassing Pulse just don't work as well. Win10 (Guest) Your case: Win10 (Host) | | VirtualBox for Linux | (Easy | | peasy) Linux (PulseAudio) | | | Speakers Speakers Audio has real time requirements, and if you don't meet them and the output samples have jitter, the sound will be awful. The same is true, if whole buffers of sound data go missing. Just for the record, PulseAudio serves no useful purpose. In case you were wondering what it was for. At least ALSA made sense. It solved a problem real people had - they wanted to listen to their music. PulseAudio was invented to suit the ego of a single developer. The same developer worked to invent SystemD. See a common theme ? :-) Paul I've given up on linux sound as it seems that the ones doing the work keep messing it up. I would get sound out until the next update & then it is a hit or miss; sometimes a patch would get me back the sound again. All on the opensuse setup & still no sound out either on realtek or usb even tho the output ports were recognized. Have now gotten ubuntu loaded on hyper-v, may try the sound output again this weekend unless by a miracle, android for chrombook is available for me. My experience with Linux started around 1994-1995 with Slackware. To say the least, while it has gotten better with time, its quality is no better than Windows 98's was. You can still in the command-line and everything will be fine because the kernel is fairly solid but their desktop environments are very inconsistent even though they have great ideas. The software is even worse and at best unstable. Stick to Windows if Linux is giving you way too many headaches. Yeah, I noticed a 2016 LiveDVD I downloaded, couldn't detect my RealTek HDaudio on the computer. It did manage to find ATI HDMI sound, but I have no way to use that. Some slightly older Live discs are fully functional. To retest that all hardware works, from one distro version to the next, would be a lot of work. Paul |
#12
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Distorted Sound
pinnerite wrote:
I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? The fix is Lubuntu 16.04.1, which doesn't have PulseAudio by default. (I thought they'd ruined it, but they didn't, and it still runs ALSA. Thank God. I tried Gentoo LiveDVD, but couldn't get VirtualBox into it.) The issue is not entirely fixed. What works and doesn't work in a Win10 guest on Lubuntu host... 1) Windows Media Player - play a selection from the beginning is fine. Pacing is right, pitch is right. 2) Windows Media Player - attempt to play the same selection a second time, leads to what sounds like repeated buffer starvation. 3) VLC plays an OGG, pacing is right, pitch is right. I can't believe this one works, because of how crappy it sounded with PulseAudio in the host. Strangely, CPU usage is no better. It still registers 100% in top, which might represent being railed on one core (by VirtualBox). And with ALSA in Lubuntu, I don't have a working Stereo Mix. I did one of these... sudo modprobe snd-aloop and that adds a loopback device as card 2. Card0 and Card1 are ATI HDMI audio and RealTek Audio. So when the virtual loopback device was added, it became card 2. But in Audacity on the host, I still couldn't get a signal on the monitor by using the loopback device. I'm able to pick up "leakage" inside the sound chip, but it lacks bass and only carries treble. So attempting to record the output that way, isn't working. I just thought I'd give you a status report. I was able to do everything with a LiveCD, and didn't have to install. I keep the Win10 VM in an OVA appliance, and unpack it when I want to test. The VirtualBox .deb didn't install without complaining, but its recommended on-screen incantation worked without needing to reboot (which is "death" on a LiveCD of course). So the whole test sequence could be done without filling a hard drive with an install. I'm sure if I used this setup long enough, I'll find more holes in it. But at least I can play a WAV and an OGG now, in Win10 Guest. Paul |
#13
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Distorted Sound
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA256 On 2016-10-11 7:36 PM, Paul wrote: Silver Slimer wrote: -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA256 On 2016-10-11 12:10 PM, lew wrote: On 2016-10-11, Paul wrote: lew wrote: On 2016-10-10, pinnerite wrote: Mr. Man-wai Chang wrote: On 10/10/2016 6:26 PM, pinnerite wrote: I have Win-10 installed as a virtual machine (VM)over a Linux host. All the sounds emanating from windows 10 are distorted and irritating. There appears to be nothing in 'Sounds' from Control Panel to attack this problem. Have I missed something or is this somehow related to this being a VM although it doesn't happen in XP? Is the sound working a-ok in the Linux host OS? Then it may be the virtual machine's settings. Anyway, it's not exactly a Win 10 problem. The sound is perfect on the Linux host, on every stream. I also have a virtual XP and there is no trouble with the sound through that either. If you've driven your car alongside a brick wall you will recognise what I am hearing from Win-10. I don't have any problems with sound on the win10. Then I am having the music played by foobar2000 & go thru the usb port to the usb dac. Haven't used the Realtek stuff for sound for some years. But he's running Win10 in a VM as a Guest. And that (unfortunately) is an entirely different matter, as the audio data has more hoops to jump through. At one time PulseAudio had an ALSA compatibility library, and you could use that to escape the clutches of Pulse, but they removed that. And other means of bypassing Pulse just don't work as well. Win10 (Guest) Your case: Win10 (Host) | | VirtualBox for Linux | (Easy | | peasy) Linux (PulseAudio) | | | Speakers Speakers Audio has real time requirements, and if you don't meet them and the output samples have jitter, the sound will be awful. The same is true, if whole buffers of sound data go missing. Just for the record, PulseAudio serves no useful purpose. In case you were wondering what it was for. At least ALSA made sense. It solved a problem real people had - they wanted to listen to their music. PulseAudio was invented to suit the ego of a single developer. The same developer worked to invent SystemD. See a common theme ? :-) Paul I've given up on linux sound as it seems that the ones doing the work keep messing it up. I would get sound out until the next update & then it is a hit or miss; sometimes a patch would get me back the sound again. All on the opensuse setup & still no sound out either on realtek or usb even tho the output ports were recognized. Have now gotten ubuntu loaded on hyper-v, may try the sound output again this weekend unless by a miracle, android for chrombook is available for me. My experience with Linux started around 1994-1995 with Slackware. To say the least, while it has gotten better with time, its quality is no better than Windows 98's was. You can still in the command-line and everything will be fine because the kernel is fairly solid but their desktop environments are very inconsistent even though they have great ideas. The software is even worse and at best unstable. Stick to Windows if Linux is giving you way too many headaches. Yeah, I noticed a 2016 LiveDVD I downloaded, couldn't detect my RealTek HDaudio on the computer. It did manage to find ATI HDMI sound, but I have no way to use that. Some slightly older Live discs are fully functional. To retest that all hardware works, from one distro version to the next, The inconsistency is shockingly bad but don't tell Linux advocates that; they believe that it's all perfect and that any problems you faced are your own fault. As much as I don't particularly like Windows, we have to be honest and admit that it's the best operating system on the market at the moment. - -- Silver Slimer Islam is a disease Gab.AI: @silverslimer -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v2 iQEcBAEBCAAGBQJX/igbAAoJEIwFfgf/rr+usLEH/1qsZ++6QIdRzUqh2htLUXIg A7rRYrsQoLnpBndKRSZoRpkaw7t/6hQHulx+n2UbgUszqsIibAmjYvUHDy+/+gjf X2BRLh2PrutBVsKuVGaAsCmTYTkl4UtcapTWJS8WIHZtJ+qYx/joNwDaiN5kM+Hj NiP7gGTJ8wBICD2cDjHBRRDUA/GGFM8Bf8MCkhCnnH4jQBAg5H6GBFXLEDXigR80 JwfRzzoP/KN+CQf+DtSVvnf9Boc+kmeCCIPx8vxqGkONXQ/gWfxnLwYznt06d1kq SC6867/C6IAhhB6F+KUyip4Kz0XqobCEfByxbm1baiidNwFcyshKgg3rm aB32aU= =VU6x -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- |
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