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#1
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
There are 4 sockets for connecting SATA drives on my computer’s matherboard.
(There are no sockets for connecting ATA drives there because this is a relatively new computer.) When you open the Device Manager (under WinXP), then under IDE ATA / ATAPI controllers you can see four lines: two are called Primary IDE Channel, the other two - Secondary IDE Channel. Is that the old terminology? After all there are no Master and Slave (Primary and Secondary) drives for SATA drives. (The same terminology - Master and Slave - you can see when the computer starts and the BIOS displays its information.) And another question: Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager? Where can I read about it? |
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#2
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
From: "Lev G"
There are 4 sockets for connecting SATA drives on my computer’s matherboard. (There are no sockets for connecting ATA drives there because this is a relatively new computer.) When you open the Device Manager (under WinXP), then under IDE ATA / ATAPI controllers you can see four lines: two are called Primary IDE Channel, the other two - Secondary IDE Channel. Is that the old terminology? After all there are no Master and Slave (Primary and Secondary) drives for SATA drives. (The same terminology - Master and Slave - you can see when the computer starts and the BIOS displays its information.) And another question: Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager? Where can I read about it? I don't understand this question. Even in Australia "correspondence" is acommunication between people through writings. Integrated Drive Electronuics (IDE) is is an interface through AT Attachment using the AT Applications Programming Interface (ATAPI). It can either be Parallel ATA (aka; PATA, EIDE) which is standard IDE or Serial ATA (aka SATA). They are basically the same except parallel ATA is driven by data being written and read as a word or double word and requires 1 wire for each bit and error correction (simplified). Unlike its predeccor MFM and RLL drives where the disk controller is an ISA card, the interface is on the hard disk. You only have one controller per channel and you can have a maximeum of 4 channels where the controller resides on the drive itself. Each channel is defined as having a Master and a Slave. That means one drive is the dedicated controller and the second drive in a channel uses the first drive in the channel to communicate. Thus the Master/Slave relationship. Serial ATA doesn't work in a Master/Slave relationship. Each SATA device uses its own controller built into the drive and instead of sending parallel word or double word data using 1 wire for each bit and error correction, data is sent in succession serially. Thus reducing the number of wires needed to be used and simplifying the interface. When PATA was introduced it was determined to be the fastest way to communicate because a word or double word could be sent per clock cycle. However integrated circuitry has advanced significantly by the world of the Universal Serial Bus (USB). Thus the concepts of commuicating at high speeds via a serial communication was applied to hard disks and has surpassed the data speeds of PATA with the simplicity and integrity of a serial bus. Less wires means higher reliability. When you look at Device Manager and see IDE ATA/ATAPI you arte looking at the hard disk controller chip set. It will either provide PATA or SATA interfaces or both. -- Dave Multi-AV Scanning Tool - http://multi-av.thespykiller.co.uk http://www.pctipp.ch/downloads/dl/35905.asp |
#3
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboardand channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
Lev G wrote:
There are 4 sockets for connecting SATA drives on my computer’s matherboard. (There are no sockets for connecting ATA drives there because this is a relatively new computer.) When you open the Device Manager (under WinXP), then under IDE ATA / ATAPI controllers you can see four lines: two are called Primary IDE Channel, the other two - Secondary IDE Channel. Is that the old terminology? After all there are no Master and Slave (Primary and Secondary) drives for SATA drives. (The same terminology - Master and Slave - you can see when the computer starts and the BIOS displays its information.) And another question: Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager? Where can I read about it? If you need to dump the contents of Device Manager, there is a utility called DevCon that can do it. The page here, gives easy access to a version that runs under 32 bit Windows. Finding the 64 bit version, for usage with more modern Windows, is a chore. The main advantage of using DevCon, is easy copy/paste - the utility doesn't give any more info than Device Manager does. It's just easier to copy. http://support.microsoft.com/default...;EN-US;Q311272 ******* I have an ICH9, with six SATA ports. In the BIOS, I have some options for the operating mode of the ports. If I switch them to AHCI at the current time, WinXP won't boot, so I can't really do any demonstration/testing of such features. My SATA ports are set to IDE mode, and run "Native", meaning they appear in the PCI bus address space. Now, while I had expected six channels to show up, I see only four related to Intel. Which is a little weird. As far as I know, all six ports work, and I occasionally use close to all the SATA cables. In any case, you can see the labeling they use, which is "Primary_IDE_Channel". When in fact, the 2920 and 2926 are SATA controllers. The Primary_IDE_Channel is just a label in WinXP, whereas the BIOS (which is based on ancient standards), might need such labeling as a crutch for successful operation. For whatever reason, only four of six channels showed up for my Intel ICH9R. PCIIDE\IDECHANNEL\4&2B025FD5&0&0 Name: Primary IDE Channel Hardware ID's: Intel-2926 Primary_IDE_Channel *PNP0600 Compatible ID's: *PNP0600 PCIIDE\IDECHANNEL\4&2B025FD5&0&1 Name: Secondary IDE Channel Hardware ID's: Intel-2926 Secondary_IDE_Channel *PNP0600 Compatible ID's: *PNP0600 PCIIDE\IDECHANNEL\4&C98DF0A&0&0 Name: Primary IDE Channel Hardware ID's: Intel-2920 Primary_IDE_Channel *PNP0600 Compatible ID's: *PNP0600 PCIIDE\IDECHANNEL\4&C98DF0A&0&1 Name: Secondary IDE Channel Hardware ID's: Intel-2920 Secondary_IDE_Channel *PNP0600 Compatible ID's: *PNP0600 I think this is my Jmicron chip. These would be for up to two disks on an actual IDE ribbon cable. Currently one disk is connected to this. PCIIDE\IDECHANNEL\5&15F80DBE&0&0 Name: Primary IDE Channel Hardware ID's: 197b-2368 Primary_IDE_Channel *PNP0600 Compatible ID's: *PNP0600 PCIIDE\IDECHANNEL\5&15F80DBE&0&1 Name: Secondary IDE Channel Hardware ID's: 197b-2368 Secondary_IDE_Channel *PNP0600 Compatible ID's: *PNP0600 ******* The SATA controllers are here. These are also in the "IDE ATA/ATAPI Controllers" section of device manager. They are split into a four port and a two port, in case the BIOS mode is set to "Compatible". Perhaps in that case, the four port appears like two ribbon cables, to an older OS like Win98. When in "Enhanced" mode, the distinction between these two isn't that important. On some chipsets, there are differences in device support between these things, such that optical drive booting doesn't work on one of them. I'm not aware of any problem like that with ICH9/ICH9R. Some older chipsets from other manufacturers, treated their two controllers differently. PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2920&SUBSYS_82771043&REV_02\3&115 83659&0&FA Name: Intel(R) ICH9R/DO/DH 4 port Serial ATA Storage Controller 1 - 2920 Hardware ID's: PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2920&SUBSYS_82771043&REV_02 PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2920&SUBSYS_82771043 PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2920&CC_01018F PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2920&CC_0101 Compatible ID's: PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2920&REV_02 PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2920 PCI\VEN_8086&CC_01018F PCI\VEN_8086&CC_0101 PCI\VEN_8086 PCI\CC_01018F PCI\CC_0101 PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2926&SUBSYS_82771043&REV_02\3&115 83659&0&FD Name: Intel(R) ICH9 Family 2 port Serial ATA Storage Controller 2 - 2926 Hardware ID's: PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2926&SUBSYS_82771043&REV_02 PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2926&SUBSYS_82771043 PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2926&CC_010185 PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2926&CC_0101 Compatible ID's: PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2926&REV_02 PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_2926 PCI\VEN_8086&CC_010185 PCI\VEN_8086&CC_0101 PCI\VEN_8086 PCI\CC_010185 PCI\CC_0101 ******** The above two sections of DevCon output, correspond to this Device Manager output (edited for readability). What's interesting to me at least, is two ports from the 2920 are missing, in terms of defining channels. I'd have to go into the BIOS, to review the settings again. As far as I know, all the SATA ports work. I'd have to shut down and add another disk, to see if any additional ones show up. IDE ATA/ATAPI controllers Intel ICH9 Family 2 port Serial ATA Storage Controller 2926 Intel ICH9R 4 port Serial ATA Storage Controller 2920 Primary IDE Channel --- Intel 2926 Primary IDE Channel --- Intel 2920 Primary IDE Channel --- Jmicron 2368 Secondary IDE Channel --- Intel 2926 Secondary IDE Channel --- Intel 2920 Secondary IDE Channel --- Jmicron 2368 Standard Dual Channel PCI IDE Controller --- JMicron 2368 controller The description (Master/Slave) and capabilities (UDMA 5) are fake. When transferring data, there is no Master/Slave on SATA. There is Port Multiplexing available, with FIS switching, but since nobody I know owns a Port Multiplexer, there really isn't any Device Manager info to look at for that case. A SATA port can host up to 15 drives or so, with the proper downstream hardware. (Silicon Image makes a chip that support five hard drives that way.) As far as I know, SAS can have a large fanout like that as well. Most conventional SATA style usage, is one disk per cable. That's what most people are familiar with. The transfer rate, goes as fast as the cable will allow (about 500MB/sec+ on SATA III), so the UDMA5 labeling is false. ******* The best document on the subject, which was written when SATA was introduced for an Intel chipset, is here. This will help explain some of the modes they use. And how Intel arranged "Compatible" mode so that Win98 would boot. Page 13 is the best part. Intel arranged things, so the hardware could either be accessed in IOSpace, or in PCI space. And an older OS would be looking for the disks in the IOSpace (i.e. if you expected OS installation to work from the CD). (Previously listed as doc 252671, for ICH5 era.) http://www.intel.com/content/dam/doc...ata-manual.pdf HTH, Paul |
#4
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
In message , David H.
Lipman writes: From: "Lev G" There are 4 sockets for connecting SATA drives on my computer’s matherboard. (There are no sockets for connecting ATA drives there because this is a relatively new computer.) When you open the Device Manager (under WinXP), then under IDE ATA / ATAPI controllers you can see four lines: two are called Primary IDE Channel, the other two - Secondary IDE Channel. Is that the old terminology? After all there are no Master and Slave (Primary and Secondary) drives for SATA Some (possibly all?) mobos have the option of making SATA _look_ like (E)IDE. In many cases it's even the default. drives. (The same terminology - Master and Slave - you can see when the computer starts and the BIOS displays its information.) And another question: Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager? Where can I read about it? I don't understand this question. Even in Australia "correspondence" is acommunication between people through writings. [] No, that's only one of the meanings of that word. Lev might have left out a word - the phrase he meant was "one to one correspondence" - but if you put correspondence into, for example, the search box on http://www.chambersharrap.co.uk/, you'll get something like correspondence noun 1 similarity; equivalence. 2 agreement. 3 a communication by letters; b the letters received or sent. Lev meant meaning 1, or possibly 2; you only know 3a. Though you might still know it - "corresponds to" relates to meanings 1 and 2, "corresponds with" is more likely to relate to meaning 3. -- J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/1985 MB++G()AL-IS-Ch++(p)Ar@T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf "... four Oscars, and two further nominations ... On these criteria, he's Britain's most successful film director." Powell or Pressburger? no; Richard Attenborough? no; Nick Park! |
#5
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
On Mon, 18 Feb 2013 22:53:22 +0000, "J. P. Gilliver (John)"
wrote: No, that's only one of the meanings of that word. Lev might have left out a word - the phrase he meant was "one to one correspondence" - but if you put correspondence into, for example, the search box on http://www.chambersharrap.co.uk/ This looks like a British dictionary. Right? I keep meaning to look for one, online. I googled iirc and I don't think I found this one. Do you recommend any other? I need one fairly often. you'll get something like correspondence noun 1 similarity; equivalence. 2 agreement. 3 a communication by letters; b the letters received or sent. |
#6
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
"David H. Lipman" wrote:
When you look at Device Manager and see IDE ATA/ATAPI you arte looking at the hard disk controller chip set. It will either provide PATA or SATA interfaces or both. My SATA controllers are not in IDE mode, but in Device Manager, its property also shows a disabled section for a slave device. Does it means that, that section is used when the controller is in IDE mode? My BIOS doesn't have any setting for changing the SATA's IDE mode though. Screenshot: http://i.imgur.com/UjTUhqM.png |
#7
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
(I'd have replied by email but wasn't sure which bits to delete.)
In message , micky writes: On Mon, 18 Feb 2013 22:53:22 +0000, "J. P. Gilliver (John)" wrote: No, that's only one of the meanings of that word. Lev might have left out a word - the phrase he meant was "one to one correspondence" - but if you put correspondence into, for example, the search box on http://www.chambersharrap.co.uk/ This looks like a British dictionary. Right? I keep meaning to look for one, online. I googled iirc and I don't think I found this one. Do you recommend any other? I need one fairly often. Chambers is Scottish, I think. THE dictionary is the OED (http://www.oed.com/), but isn't free, though I think some of the smaller Oxford ones might be - hang on: http://oxforddictionaries.com/ has a free box. There's also Collins. you'll get something like correspondence noun 1 similarity; equivalence. 2 agreement. 3 a communication by letters; b the letters received or sent. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dicti...correspondence gives the "agreement" sense first, too, so it isn't just a British English thing. -- J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/1985 MB++G()AL-IS-Ch++(p)Ar@T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf A bird in the hand makes it hard to blow your nose. |
#8
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboardand channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
JJ wrote:
"David H. Lipman" wrote: When you look at Device Manager and see IDE ATA/ATAPI you arte looking at the hard disk controller chip set. It will either provide PATA or SATA interfaces or both. My SATA controllers are not in IDE mode, but in Device Manager, its property also shows a disabled section for a slave device. Does it means that, that section is used when the controller is in IDE mode? My BIOS doesn't have any setting for changing the SATA's IDE mode though. Screenshot: http://i.imgur.com/UjTUhqM.png You have a primary and a secondary. Are both your drives accounted for ? Maybe the channel isn't populated, if no drive is present. Paul |
#9
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
"JJ" wrote in message
... "David H. Lipman" wrote: When you look at Device Manager and see IDE ATA/ATAPI you arte looking at the hard disk controller chip set. It will either provide PATA or SATA interfaces or both. My SATA controllers are not in IDE mode, but in Device Manager, its property also shows a disabled section for a slave device. Does it means that, that section is used when the controller is in IDE mode? My BIOS doesn't have any setting for changing the SATA's IDE mode though. Screenshot: http://i.imgur.com/UjTUhqM.png It's not disabled, it's simply not in use.... there is no device (drive) connected to the second SATA port, so it is greyed out in the Device Manager properties. -- Glen Ventura MS MVP Oct. 2002 - Sept. 2009 CompTIA A+ |
#10
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboardand channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
On 18/02/2013 3:12 AM, Lev G wrote:
There are 4 sockets for connecting SATA drives on my computer’s matherboard. (There are no sockets for connecting ATA drives there because this is a relatively new computer.) When you open the Device Manager (under WinXP), then under IDE ATA / ATAPI controllers you can see four lines: two are called Primary IDE Channel, the other two - Secondary IDE Channel. Is that the old terminology? After all there are no Master and Slave (Primary and Secondary) drives for SATA drives. (The same terminology - Master and Slave - you can see when the computer starts and the BIOS displays its information.) And another question: Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager? Where can I read about it? SATA usually defaults to IDE compatibility mode. So that the same drivers can be used in the OS. Even though the actual arrangement has no such thing as master or slave. They just designate one as master and one as slave, and one as channel 1 and one as channel 2, etc. As for whether there is a standard configuration of SATA port to IDE port arrangements, the answer is no. Each mobo maker decides it with the arrangement of their motherboard circuitry. But it really doesn't matter to XP or later Windows, as you can boot from any drive in any order, whether it's designated channel 1 or 2, or master or slave. Now, if you want to see the real arrangement of ports, then you'll want to convert over to the native SATA mode, called AHCI mode. Really, IDE mode is known as the ATA 7 standards, while AHCI mode is known as the ATA 8 standards. When you change the BIOS settings to use either IDE compatibility mode or AHCI, that's all you're doing, you're changing the BIOS to use either ATA 7 or 8. Yousuf Khan |
#11
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
"Yousuf Khan" wrote in message
... On 18/02/2013 3:12 AM, Lev G wrote: There are 4 sockets for connecting SATA drives on my computer’s matherboard. (There are no sockets for connecting ATA drives there because this is a relatively new computer.) When you open the Device Manager (under WinXP), then under IDE ATA / ATAPI controllers you can see four lines: two are called Primary IDE Channel, the other two - Secondary IDE Channel. Is that the old terminology? After all there are no Master and Slave (Primary and Secondary) drives for SATA drives. (The same terminology - Master and Slave - you can see when the computer starts and the BIOS displays its information.) And another question: Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager? Where can I read about it? SATA usually defaults to IDE compatibility mode. So that the same drivers can be used in the OS. Even though the actual arrangement has no such thing as master or slave. They just designate one as master and one as slave, and one as channel 1 and one as channel 2, etc. As for whether there is a standard configuration of SATA port to IDE port arrangements, the answer is no. Each mobo maker decides it with the arrangement of their motherboard circuitry. But it really doesn't matter to XP or later Windows, as you can boot from any drive in any order, whether it's designated channel 1 or 2, or master or slave. Now, if you want to see the real arrangement of ports, then you'll want to convert over to the native SATA mode, called AHCI mode. Really, IDE mode is known as the ATA 7 standards, while AHCI mode is known as the ATA 8 standards. When you change the BIOS settings to use either IDE compatibility mode or AHCI, that's all you're doing, you're changing the BIOS to use either ATA 7 or 8. But don't switch the BIOS back and forth between modes and boot the already-installed Windows operating system.... you will likely get a blue screen Stop Error at that point. -- Glen Ventura MS MVP Oct. 2002 - Sept. 2009 CompTIA A+ |
#12
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
From: "glee"
snip Now, if you want to see the real arrangement of ports, then you'll want to convert over to the native SATA mode, called AHCI mode. Really, IDE mode is known as the ATA 7 standards, while AHCI mode is known as the ATA 8 standards. When you change the BIOS settings to use either IDE compatibility mode or AHCI, that's all you're doing, you're changing the BIOS to use either ATA 7 or 8. But don't switch the BIOS back and forth between modes and boot the already-installed Windows operating system.... you will likely get a blue screen Stop Error at that point. Yes ! -- Dave Multi-AV Scanning Tool - http://multi-av.thespykiller.co.uk http://www.pctipp.ch/downloads/dl/35905.asp |
#13
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
On Tue, 19 Feb 2013 07:16:29 +0000, "J. P. Gilliver (John)"
wrote: (I'd have replied by email but wasn't sure which bits to delete.) In message , micky writes: On Mon, 18 Feb 2013 22:53:22 +0000, "J. P. Gilliver (John)" wrote: No, that's only one of the meanings of that word. Lev might have left out a word - the phrase he meant was "one to one correspondence" - but if you put correspondence into, for example, the search box on http://www.chambersharrap.co.uk/ This looks like a British dictionary. Right? I keep meaning to look for one, online. I googled iirc and I don't think I found this one. Do you recommend any other? I need one fairly often. Chambers is Scottish, I think. THE dictionary is the OED (http://www.oed.com/), but isn't free, though I think some of the smaller Oxford ones might be - hang on: http://oxforddictionaries.com/ has a free box. There's also Collins. Thanks. I'll try them all. you'll get something like correspondence noun 1 similarity; equivalence. 2 agreement. 3 a communication by letters; b the letters received or sent. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dicti...correspondence gives the "agreement" sense first, too, so it isn't just a British English thing. |
#14
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboard and channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
Paul wrote:
JJ wrote: "David H. Lipman" wrote: When you look at Device Manager and see IDE ATA/ATAPI you arte looking at the hard disk controller chip set. It will either provide PATA or SATA interfaces or both. My SATA controllers are not in IDE mode, but in Device Manager, its property also shows a disabled section for a slave device. Does it means that, that section is used when the controller is in IDE mode? My BIOS doesn't have any setting for changing the SATA's IDE mode though. Screenshot: http://i.imgur.com/UjTUhqM.png You have a primary and a secondary. Are both your drives accounted for ? Maybe the channel isn't populated, if no drive is present. Paul My board provides 4 SATA ports. Port1 is for HDD, and Port2 is for DVD. Port1 & Port2 are provided from SATA controller #1 as shown in screenshot. The DVD is shown in the Master section of the Secondary Channel (not shown in screenshot). Port2 & Port3 are unused and there's another SATA controller entry in Device Manager which is the second SATA controller. All Master and Slave sections in its property dialog are blank and disabled. What I'm a bit confused is... why are there sections for Slave devices for SATA controllers' property? AFAIK, basically, all SATA devices are masters and none can be assigned as slaves. One SATA controller can only control two devices from its two ports. Correct me if I'm wrong. |
#15
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Is there a one correspondence between sockets on matherboardand channels, which are shown in the Device Manager?
JJ wrote:
Paul wrote: JJ wrote: "David H. Lipman" wrote: When you look at Device Manager and see IDE ATA/ATAPI you arte looking at the hard disk controller chip set. It will either provide PATA or SATA interfaces or both. My SATA controllers are not in IDE mode, but in Device Manager, its property also shows a disabled section for a slave device. Does it means that, that section is used when the controller is in IDE mode? My BIOS doesn't have any setting for changing the SATA's IDE mode though. Screenshot: http://i.imgur.com/UjTUhqM.png You have a primary and a secondary. Are both your drives accounted for ? Maybe the channel isn't populated, if no drive is present. Paul My board provides 4 SATA ports. Port1 is for HDD, and Port2 is for DVD. Port1 & Port2 are provided from SATA controller #1 as shown in screenshot. The DVD is shown in the Master section of the Secondary Channel (not shown in screenshot). Port2 & Port3 are unused and there's another SATA controller entry in Device Manager which is the second SATA controller. All Master and Slave sections in its property dialog are blank and disabled. What I'm a bit confused is... why are there sections for Slave devices for SATA controllers' property? AFAIK, basically, all SATA devices are masters and none can be assigned as slaves. One SATA controller can only control two devices from its two ports. Correct me if I'm wrong. SATA doesn't have Master and Slave. But a SATA port can have more than one disk connected. That can be done with Port Multiplexing. For example, using this device, one SATA port can control five disks. I don't know how, or if, the OS is prepared for that or not. (This works, as long as the SATA host port has FIS - see second link.) http://www.cooldrives.com/cosapomubrso.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_multiplier The thing is, when SATA was created, not all parts of the PC architecture changed instantly to handle the new characteristics. That's why you can still find references to Master and Slave in interfaces, and also references to UDMA5, when such things no longer exist from a practical perspective. A SATA port transfers as fast as it can, and isn't limited by any "UDMA5" you may see listed as a characteristic. And at least on an Intel Southbridge, the hardware was set up to "emulate" a ribbon cable, so to the software, perhaps it can't even tell the difference. And that's why there are still Master and Slave labels. In Device Manager, doing Properties and looking at "Hardware ID" value, helps you track down what is what. Or using "devcon.exe" allows you to do that as well. Paul |
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