pssshutdown options

Trying to use pssshutdown

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sys...ads/psshutdown

What do these options mean?

-s Shutdown without power off.

What does it mean to shutdown but not turn the power off. I don't think
I've ever seen that. What is the point? The HDD spins?

-k Poweroff the computer (reboot if poweroff is not supported).

Why would rebooting be the alternative to poweroff. Shouldn't the first
option, -s, be the alternative because rebooting certainly doesn't turn
the power off, and it doesn't resemble shutdown either.

-d Suspend the computer.

Is this Sleep?

TIA

micky wrote:
Trying to use pssshutdown

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sys...ads/psshutdown

What do these options mean?

-s Shutdown without power off.

What does it mean to shutdown but not turn the power off. I don't think
I've ever seen that. What is the point? The HDD spins?

-k Poweroff the computer (reboot if poweroff is not supported).

Why would rebooting be the alternative to poweroff. Shouldn't the first
option, -s, be the alternative because rebooting certainly doesn't turn
the power off, and it doesn't resemble shutdown either.

-d Suspend the computer.

Is this Sleep?

TIA

Yes, -d is sleep.

https://winaero.com/blog/how-to-slee...-command-line/

"Using this tool, you will be able to make the PC enter sleep mode
directly by giving a single command:

psshutdown.exe -d -t 0 -accepteula
"

It looks like the others might be used in combination, like
maybe -s -r. I haven't been able to find a complete set
of examples anywhere that explains it.

https://web.archive.org/web/20061126.../Figure_01.gif

Paul

On Fri, 16 Feb 2018 07:03:43 -0500, micky
wrote:

Trying to use pssshutdown

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sys...ads/psshutdown

What do these options mean?

-s Shutdown without power off.

What does it mean to shutdown but not turn the power off. I don't think
I've ever seen that. What is the point? The HDD spins?

Most of the Enterprise-grade networking gear that I work with has a
feature called Lights Out Management (LOM) or Always On Management
(AOM). With that, you can shut down the box remotely in order to allow
local "remote hands" to do some maintenance, and when they're done you
can restart the box remotely. You can also use the LOM/AOM interface to
connect to the box and issue a restart (reboot) command, and you can
watch the status of the restart via your LOM/AOM connection. You don't
get disconnected when the box restarts.

It's an extremely handy feature in that scenario, but I don't really see
a need for it at home on consumer-grade gear.

On Fri, 16 Feb 2018 07:03:43 -0500, micky
wrote:

Trying to use pssshutdown

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sys...ads/psshutdown

What do these options mean?

-s Shutdown without power off.

What does it mean to shutdown but not turn the power off. I don't think
I've ever seen that. What is the point? The HDD spins?

-k Poweroff the computer (reboot if poweroff is not supported).

Why would rebooting be the alternative to poweroff. Shouldn't the first
option, -s, be the alternative because rebooting certainly doesn't turn
the power off, and it doesn't resemble shutdown either.

-d Suspend the computer.

Is this Sleep?

TIA

If you need "quick and dirty" commands.. look at Wizmo from GRC.com

In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Fri, 16 Feb 2018 08:34:17 -0500, Paul
wrote:

micky wrote:
Trying to use pssshutdown

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sys...ads/psshutdown

What do these options mean?

-s Shutdown without power off.

What does it mean to shutdown but not turn the power off. I don't think
I've ever seen that. What is the point? The HDD spins?

-k Poweroff the computer (reboot if poweroff is not supported).

Why would rebooting be the alternative to poweroff. Shouldn't the first
option, -s, be the alternative because rebooting certainly doesn't turn
the power off, and it doesn't resemble shutdown either.

-d Suspend the computer.

Is this Sleep?

TIA

Yes, -d is sleep.

https://winaero.com/blog/how-to-slee...-command-line/

"Using this tool, you will be able to make the PC enter sleep mode
directly by giving a single command:

psshutdown.exe -d -t 0 -accepteula
"

I need to turn it off altogether, shut down. And I gather, for that
I just don't use any special switch.




I would rather hibernate, but this pc doesn't known how to come out of
sleep or iirc hibernation without my being here to click on something.

Even though last year I went away for weeks and the printers didn't dry
out, I want to try again this year


It looks like the others might be used in combination, like
maybe -s -r. I haven't been able to find a complete set
of examples anywhere that explains it.

https://web.archive.org/web/20061126.../Figure_01.gif

That's pretty much the same as what the top webpage says.

Paul

In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Fri, 16 Feb 2018 19:40:08 -0500, micky
wrote:

In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Fri, 16 Feb 2018 08:34:17 -0500, Paul
wrote:

micky wrote:
Trying to use pssshutdown

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sys...ads/psshutdown

What do these options mean?

-s Shutdown without power off.

What does it mean to shutdown but not turn the power off. I don't think
I've ever seen that. What is the point? The HDD spins?

-k Poweroff the computer (reboot if poweroff is not supported).

Why would rebooting be the alternative to poweroff. Shouldn't the first
option, -s, be the alternative because rebooting certainly doesn't turn
the power off, and it doesn't resemble shutdown either.

-d Suspend the computer.

Is this Sleep?

TIA

Yes, -d is sleep.

https://winaero.com/blog/how-to-slee...-command-line/

"Using this tool, you will be able to make the PC enter sleep mode
directly by giving a single command:

psshutdown.exe -d -t 0 -accepteula
"

I need to turn it off altogether, shut down. And I gather, for that
I just don't use any special switch.

I hate turning off the computer, but I tested it without any switch, and
it worked.

Now I'm trying to get the computer to turn back on with the scheduler.
The first test failed.


I would rather hibernate, but this pc doesn't known how to come out of
sleep or iirc hibernation without my being here to click on something.

I'm thinking if I turned off smart hibernation, so that hibernation were
less like sleep, it might start up without my intervention. Does that
sound reasonable?



Even though last year I went away for weeks and the printers didn't dry
out, I want to try again this year

micky wrote:
In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Fri, 16 Feb 2018 19:40:08 -0500, micky
wrote:

In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Fri, 16 Feb 2018 08:34:17 -0500, Paul
wrote:

micky wrote:
Trying to use pssshutdown

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sys...ads/psshutdown

What do these options mean?

-s Shutdown without power off.

What does it mean to shutdown but not turn the power off. I don't think
I've ever seen that. What is the point? The HDD spins?

-k Poweroff the computer (reboot if poweroff is not supported).

Why would rebooting be the alternative to poweroff. Shouldn't the first
option, -s, be the alternative because rebooting certainly doesn't turn
the power off, and it doesn't resemble shutdown either.

-d Suspend the computer.

Is this Sleep?

TIA
Yes, -d is sleep.

https://winaero.com/blog/how-to-slee...-command-line/

"Using this tool, you will be able to make the PC enter sleep mode
directly by giving a single command:

psshutdown.exe -d -t 0 -accepteula
"
I need to turn it off altogether, shut down. And I gather, for that
I just don't use any special switch.

I hate turning off the computer, but I tested it without any switch, and
it worked.

Now I'm trying to get the computer to turn back on with the scheduler.
The first test failed.

I would rather hibernate, but this pc doesn't known how to come out of
sleep or iirc hibernation without my being here to click on something.

I'm thinking if I turned off smart hibernation, so that hibernation were
less like sleep, it might start up without my intervention. Does that
sound reasonable?



Even though last year I went away for weeks and the printers didn't dry
out, I want to try again this year


https://www.howtogeek.com/119028/how...automatically/

*******

This article in Answers, says to check the Wake Timers setting.

https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/...d61ad1e?auth=1

There is a picture of the Power Options, but they didn't highlight
what to change or anything. You can see "Allow Wake Timers" is set
to disabled, and that's probably not a good thing in your case.

https://filestore.community.support....b-2bc05c9e013d

Paul

In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Sat, 17 Feb 2018 08:45:06 -0500, Paul
wrote:

micky wrote:
In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Fri, 16 Feb 2018 19:40:08 -0500, micky
wrote:

In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Fri, 16 Feb 2018 08:34:17 -0500, Paul
wrote:

micky wrote:
Trying to use pssshutdown

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sys...ads/psshutdown

What do these options mean?

-s Shutdown without power off.

What does it mean to shutdown but not turn the power off. I don't think
I've ever seen that. What is the point? The HDD spins?

-k Poweroff the computer (reboot if poweroff is not supported).

Why would rebooting be the alternative to poweroff. Shouldn't the first
option, -s, be the alternative because rebooting certainly doesn't turn
the power off, and it doesn't resemble shutdown either.

-d Suspend the computer.

Is this Sleep?

TIA
Yes, -d is sleep.

https://winaero.com/blog/how-to-slee...-command-line/

"Using this tool, you will be able to make the PC enter sleep mode
directly by giving a single command:

psshutdown.exe -d -t 0 -accepteula
"
I need to turn it off altogether, shut down. And I gather, for that
I just don't use any special switch.

I hate turning off the computer, but I tested it without any switch, and
it worked.

Now I'm trying to get the computer to turn back on with the scheduler.
The first test failed.

I would rather hibernate, but this pc doesn't known how to come out of
sleep or iirc hibernation without my being here to click on something.

I'm thinking if I turned off smart hibernation, so that hibernation were
less like sleep, it might start up without my intervention. Does that
sound reasonable?



Even though last year I went away for weeks and the printers didn't dry
out, I want to try again this year


https://www.howtogeek.com/119028/how...automatically/

I had as my Action c:\bat\PrintFile but this page seems to make
clear that I should have cmd.exe
with the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat

Right?

*******

This article in Answers, says to check the Wake Timers setting.

https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/...d61ad1e?auth=1

Most of this section is just background, to show what steps I've taken,
but the last paragraph does have a question.

This one is mostly about laptops, afaict. It might apply to me, but I'm
not that far yet. (I retreated in my testing and now I'm just trying to
get the scheduler to start a bat file when the computer is ON, and you
know, I just realize it didn't. :-(

Hmmm. Looking at the Last Run Time it's 2:55 and that's right, but now
it's 3:30 and Last Run Result says it's currently running. I don't think
it will ever finish because I didn't run cmd.exe, only
C:\bat\printfile.bat. Or at least I think that's the problem. So I
would stop the task but I can't find it in Task Manager.

I htought maybe it was the Microsoft Management Console, but when I
stopped that, it stopped the Scheduler!! I dind't intend that but it
did change the Last Run Result of the task to The Operator or
Admistrator has refused the request 0x800710E0. Good.

It also updated the last run time to 3:20, which I had scheduled but
hadn't shown up in the task entry in the Scheduler window as long as t
he 2:55 task couldn't complete. (Oh, that's because of the Setting: If
the task is already running, do not start a new instance. There are
other options for that, but once the whole thing works, it won't
matter.) History is disabled

So I tried it again with the improved Action and this time nothing
seemed to happen. Even the last run time didn't update, and that worked
before. It's easy enough to run it again 3 minutes from now.

This time I enabled the History (for all tasks) which comes disabled**.
and the history says the task is still running. I guess closing the
Console (Schedular) didn't close it.

If I can't find the task in the task manager or Resource Monitor, and I
can't, do you have any ideas how to stop it, short of rebooting windows?
There is a setting that it will stop after n hours and I set it for 2,
but I think it was set by default for 8 when I first ran this.



There is a picture of the Power Options, but they didn't highlight
what to change or anything. You can see "Allow Wake Timers" is set
to disabled, and that's probably not a good thing in your case.

https://filestore.community.support....b-2bc05c9e013d

YOU WERE RIGHT ON THE MONEY about this one. It was disabled. I saw
that setting years ago but had forgotten it.

This also accounts for why I haven't been able to record the Big
Broadcast on WAMU web radio every 7PM ET on Sundays. The times I missed
that, only when the computer was off, didn't bother me too much because
there is so much radio I can't listen to it all anyhow.

I suppose there was some entry in maybe the Event Viewer that would have
said why that didn't run, but I didnt' think to look. (Maybe not since
Scheduler History wasn't set on yet.)

RadioMaximus (its paid version allows scheduled recording. Its free
version doesn't, only difference), Radiomaximus gives a choice of
actions for it to do after recording. Right now it's set to just stop
recording, but after this Sunday, I'll change it for when I'm away to
Shut Down.

Paul

Thanks Paul. You really find good articles. And after I get this
simple task working with the scheduler, I'll probably think of other
more important things to do, like sending hate email when I can prove I
was out of town! No, that's no good. I've been watching too much
Hitchcock.





**I also got a lttle image in the bottom right for the first time, but
it's just an ad, I think. I don't know how they knew to bring it up
then.

Fix: The operator or administrator has refused the request (Error
0x800710E0)

If the issue is with your Computer or a Laptop you should try using the
Reimage Plus Software which can scan the repositories and replace
corrupt and missing files. This works in most cases, where the issue is
originated due to a system corruption. You can download Reimage Plus by
clicking the Download button below.

In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Sat, 17 Feb 2018 16:20:40 -0500, micky
wrote:




https://www.howtogeek.com/119028/how...automatically/

I had as my Action c:\bat\PrintFile but this page seems to make
clear that I should have cmd.exe
with the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat

Right?

I"m narrowing in on one of the 2 main problems using the Task Scheduler
in windows10.

The url above shows for the program cmd.exe
and optional arguments. He uses /c "exit" .

In the Scheduler I has as the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat
and what happened is the cmd window opened but it didn't do anything
and it didn't thave anyhting to the right of c:\windowss\system32

Then I added /K and that didn't change things.

So I looked up how to pass an argument to cmd and it seems to say that
this is the right way to do it.

For example https://ss64.com/nt/cmd.html

How can I fix this?

micky wrote:
In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Sat, 17 Feb 2018 08:45:06 -0500, Paul
wrote:

micky wrote:
In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Fri, 16 Feb 2018 19:40:08 -0500, micky
wrote:

In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Fri, 16 Feb 2018 08:34:17 -0500, Paul
wrote:

micky wrote:
Trying to use pssshutdown

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sys...ads/psshutdown

What do these options mean?

-s Shutdown without power off.

What does it mean to shutdown but not turn the power off. I don't think
I've ever seen that. What is the point? The HDD spins?

-k Poweroff the computer (reboot if poweroff is not supported).

Why would rebooting be the alternative to poweroff. Shouldn't the first
option, -s, be the alternative because rebooting certainly doesn't turn
the power off, and it doesn't resemble shutdown either.

-d Suspend the computer.

Is this Sleep?

TIA
Yes, -d is sleep.

https://winaero.com/blog/how-to-slee...-command-line/

"Using this tool, you will be able to make the PC enter sleep mode
directly by giving a single command:

psshutdown.exe -d -t 0 -accepteula
"
I need to turn it off altogether, shut down. And I gather, for that
I just don't use any special switch.
I hate turning off the computer, but I tested it without any switch, and
it worked.

Now I'm trying to get the computer to turn back on with the scheduler.
The first test failed.
I would rather hibernate, but this pc doesn't known how to come out of
sleep or iirc hibernation without my being here to click on something.
I'm thinking if I turned off smart hibernation, so that hibernation were
less like sleep, it might start up without my intervention. Does that
sound reasonable?



Even though last year I went away for weeks and the printers didn't dry
out, I want to try again this year

https://www.howtogeek.com/119028/how...automatically/

I had as my Action c:\bat\PrintFile but this page seems to make
clear that I should have cmd.exe
with the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat

Right?


I'm not the "big Scheduler guy", so I can't guarantee you I could
come up with a working solution.

It makes sense that a .bat cannot run without a shell to
interpret it. A clever piece of software would automatically
recognize the .bat extension and fork a shell for it.

However, starting a shell (cmd.exe) and making no assumptions
about how clever the Task Scheduler is, would be a safer
set of conditions I would think.

Getting the Scheduler to work, is one of those things you just
have to work your way though. Enabling History, was a good move.
I had to do that the first time I tried Task Scheduler. But
my memory is not good enough to give you an entire dialog box
rundown on what to do. A lot of people get tripped up on
account issues, what to use to launch it or whatever. Whether
it should be set to "Highest Privileges" or whatever. A lot
of failures are due to the account setting.

Task Scheduler normally runs stuff as "SYSTEM", which is
a higher level of elevation than your normal account. But
I don't know the other details, like what account is associated
with the entry in Task Scheduler or the like.

Paul

micky wrote:
In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Sat, 17 Feb 2018 16:20:40 -0500, micky
wrote:

https://www.howtogeek.com/119028/how...automatically/
I had as my Action c:\bat\PrintFile but this page seems to make
clear that I should have cmd.exe
with the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat

Right?

I"m narrowing in on one of the 2 main problems using the Task Scheduler
in windows10.

The url above shows for the program cmd.exe
and optional arguments. He uses /c "exit" .

In the Scheduler I has as the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat
and what happened is the cmd window opened but it didn't do anything
and it didn't thave anyhting to the right of c:\windowss\system32

Then I added /K and that didn't change things.

So I looked up how to pass an argument to cmd and it seems to say that
this is the right way to do it.

For example https://ss64.com/nt/cmd.html

How can I fix this?

Their example here didn't even use cmd.exe.

http://www.thewindowsclub.com/how-to...ally-windows-7

Paul

In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Sat, 17 Feb 2018 19:12:26 -0500, Paul
wrote:

micky wrote:
In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Sat, 17 Feb 2018 16:20:40 -0500, micky
wrote:

https://www.howtogeek.com/119028/how...automatically/
I had as my Action c:\bat\PrintFile but this page seems to make
clear that I should have cmd.exe
with the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat

Right?

I"m narrowing in on one of the 2 main problems using the Task Scheduler
in windows10.

The url above shows for the program cmd.exe
and optional arguments. He uses /c "exit" .

In the Scheduler I has as the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat
and what happened is the cmd window opened but it didn't do anything
and it didn't thave anyhting to the right of c:\windowss\system32

Then I added /K and that didn't change things.

(Good) Progress report:

Looking more at the URL just below, I foudn a line I hadn't read and
might be out of place on the page:
"If /C or /K is specified, then the remainder of the command line is
processed as an immediate command in the new shell. Multiple commands
separated by the command separator '&' or '&&' are accepted if
surrounded by quotes."

So I move /K from after C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat to in front of it and it
worked. I had confused Options, that do go before /K. with Command. I
should be a more careful reader.

So the cmd command works and I had already gotten the schedulur to start
that, and all that remains is to get it to start when the computer is
off. Because of my other errors, prior efforts would not have displayed
anything even if it attempted to start, so there is no special reason to
think that isn't already working.


So I looked up how to pass an argument to cmd and it seems to say that
this is the right way to do it.

For example https://ss64.com/nt/cmd.html

How can I fix this?

Their example here didn't even use cmd.exe.

http://www.thewindowsclub.com/how-to...ally-windows-7

You're right, of course, no cmd. So I wasn't so stupid in thinking it
would work the way I first had it. That's the important thing, to feel
smart, or at least not stupid.

Wow, the fully qualified file name of the command is so long you can't
see the actual command in the window.

This is one reason I try to keep my data not in
programdata\microsoft\windows\start menu\programs\accesso.... whatever.

It's too hard to type also. Of course some programs don't let you
chooose where your data goes.

Paul

In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Sat, 17 Feb 2018 17:48:13 -0500, Paul
wrote:


I'm not the "big Scheduler guy", so I can't guarantee you I could

Someone told me you were. So I looked big scheduler guy up in the
phone book, but I couldn't find my phone book.

come up with a working solution.

It makes sense that a .bat cannot run without a shell to
interpret it. A clever piece of software would automatically
recognize the .bat extension and fork a shell for it.

However, starting a shell (cmd.exe) and making no assumptions
about how clever the Task Scheduler is, would be a safer
set of conditions I would think.

Yes, I see that.

Getting the Scheduler to work, is one of those things you just
have to work your way though. Enabling History, was a good move.
I had to do that the first time I tried Task Scheduler. But
my memory is not good enough to give you an entire dialog box

YOu are excused.

rundown on what to do. A lot of people get tripped up on
account issues, what to use to launch it or whatever. Whether
it should be set to "Highest Privileges" or whatever. A lot

I wondered about that too. Looked it up, still didn't know. That other
example you gave shows them using it. I guess it can't hurt, especially
since this program should be the only thing running or the only thing
that will finish.

of failures are due to the account setting.

Hallo micky,

I had as my Action c:\bat\PrintFile but this page seems to make
clear that I should have cmd.exe
with the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat

Right?

Right, if C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat exists.

In the Scheduler I has as the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat
and what happened is the cmd window opened but it didn't do anything
and it didn't thave anyhting to the right of c:\windowss\system32

What do you expect to happen? What does PrintFile.bat do? Does it expect
another parameter (e. g. a filename) to print?

In doubt, post the contents of Printfile.bat here.


--
Mit freundlichen Grüßen,

Klaus Meinhard

In alt.comp.os.windows-10, on Sun, 18 Feb 2018 10:50:34 +0100, Klaus
Meinhard wrote:

Hallo micky,

I had as my Action c:\bat\PrintFile but this page seems to make
clear that I should have cmd.exe
with the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat

Right?

Right, if C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat exists.

Right. But it does.

In the Scheduler I has as the argument C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat
and what happened is the cmd window opened but it didn't do anything
and it didn't thave anyhting to the right of c:\windowss\system32

What do you expect to happen?

I thought it would run printfile.

What does PrintFile.bat do?

It prints a square with a full color spectrum, to test a printer and
keep its jets from clogging. It's scheduled to run 3 weeks and 6 weeks
after I leave home. Although last year I was gone for 11 weeks and
neither the Epson nor the Brother inkjet all-in-one printers got
clogged. Even though I've had clogs before in only a month or two.
Is cheap ink better than good ink for not clogging? (I have two
similar printers because after I bought one, I found an even better one
in new condition (though needing two ink cartridges) between the
sidewalk and the street near my home. I went up to the door of the
house it was in front of (and the lots are wide enough that it wasn't in
front of any other home) and the guy who answered the door said it
worked, and he clearly didn't want it. My only guess is that a roommate
left it behind and he was throwing it away, but put it on the curb so
someone could get it. The printing isn't better but it has features the
Epson hasn't. I haven't done it, but it can print straight from my cell
phone. Using wifi I guess.

Most people don't seem willing to take stuff off the street, but I've
gotten a lot of nice stuff. This one is the nicest however. (Once in
NYC there was a dumpster with 4 or 5 feet of books in it. 25' long by
dumpster wide x 6 foot high dumpster, filled to near the top. They must
have been cleaning out a warehouse. All hardbacks, all in good
condition. All pretty old. I got about 20 books I wanted the first
day, and went back 3 more days. About 6 of us in the dumpster, but I'm
sure they left too and were replaced by other people. Plus one or two
people stood on the sidewalk and pointed to a book or two they wanted
and someone got it for them. . As people took books I think they kept
adding more, but the level was going down slowly. 2nd Avenue and 25th
St. iirc, but this was 30 years ago and it's probably not still there.)

Does it expect
another parameter (e. g. a filename) to print?

No, hard coded.

In doubt, post the contents of Printfile.bat here.

You probably saw the solution already in the other post:

I found a line I hadn't read before
"If /C or /K is specified, then the remainder of the command line is
processed as an immediate command in the new shell. Multiple commands
separated by the command separator '&' or '&&' are accepted if
surrounded by quotes."

So I moved /K from after C:\Bat\PrintFile.bat to in front of it and it
worked.

So the cmd command works and I had already gotten the scheduler to start
that, and all that remains is to get it to start when the computer is
off. My prior testing had other flaws so other than the memory of many
past failures, there's no reason to think that part doesn't already
work. I don't like closing Windows, so it will be a while before I
test the wake-up part.